Building Production-Ready LLM Backends
"An LLM feature without caching is a money pit. An LLM feature without rate limiting is a vulnerability."
1. Exact Caching vs Semantic Caching
Exact Caching uses simple key-value stores like Redis. If a user asks the exact same prompt string, you serve the cached result instantly. It is extremely fast and cheap but inflexible.
Semantic Caching addresses the variations in human language. By converting the user's prompt into a vector embedding, you can query a Vector DB (like Pinecone or Qdrant) for mathematical similarities. If similarity > 0.95, you return the cache.
2. Rate Limiting Strategies
Because OpenAI and Anthropic charge per token, malicious scripts can quickly rack up massive bills. Rate limiting restricts API requests over a timeframe. The standard response for hitting this wall is HTTP Status 429 Too Many Requests.
LLM Server FAQ
What is the Token Bucket algorithm?
Imagine a bucket filled with tokens. Every API request removes one token. The bucket refills at a constant rate. This allows short bursts of traffic, but prevents sustained abuse.
How do I cache streaming LLM responses?
You cannot cache the stream directly. Instead, accumulate the full string chunk by chunk in memory on your server. Once the stream completes, write the entire finalized string to Redis.