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NoSQL Architecture in Cloud Computing

Learn about NoSQL Architecture in this comprehensive Cloud Computing tutorial. Design patterns.

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1Single Table Design

In traditional SQL, you normalize data across many tables. In DynamoDB, the best practice is 'Single Table Design'—putting all entity types into one table and using generic PK/SK structures (e.g., PK='USER#123', SK='ORDER#456').

2Step-by-Step Breakdown

What is DynamoDB?. A fully managed, serverless, NoSQL key-value and document database designed to run high-performance applications.

Tables, Items, Attributes. Unlike SQL (Tables, Rows, Columns), DynamoDB uses Tables, Items, and Attributes. Schema is flexible.

Partition Keys (PK). The primary key must have a Partition Key. It dictates which physical server the data resides on.

Sort Keys (SK). Optional. Groups items with the same Partition Key and allows rich range queries (e.g., sort by Date).

Knowledge Check. Which DynamoDB key dictates the physical server node where data is stored?

→Sort Key
→Partition Key

Provisioned Capacity. You define Read Capacity Units (RCUs) and Write Capacity Units (WCUs) upfront. Ideal for predictable workloads.

On-Demand Capacity. Pay-per-request. DynamoDB instantly accommodates workloads scaling from 0 to thousands of requests per second.

DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX). An in-memory cache specifically for DynamoDB that delivers microsecond response times.

DynamoDB Streams. A time-ordered sequence of item-level changes. Perfect for triggering AWS Lambda functions on data updates.

Summary. DynamoDB is the foundation of serverless architectures.

Pascual Vila

Frontend Instructor // Code Syllabus

Common Pitfalls & Errors

The Error //

Designing the table with a relational mindset — one table per entity type

// Single table, multiple entity types via key overloading:
// PK: USER#123        SK: PROFILE
// PK: USER#123        SK: ORDER#456

The Solution //

DynamoDB rewards Single Table Design: modeling access patterns first and packing multiple entity types into one table using generic partition/sort key names (PK/SK). Splitting into many tables like a relational schema forces expensive client-side joins DynamoDB isn't built for.

The Error //

Choosing a Partition Key that creates a hot partition

// Wrong: PK = "status" (few distinct values, hot partition)
// Correct: PK = "userId" (high cardinality, spreads load)

The Solution //

A low-cardinality partition key (like a fixed status value or a date) concentrates traffic onto one physical partition and throttles the whole table under load, regardless of overall provisioned capacity. Choose a high-cardinality key (like a user ID) so traffic spreads evenly.