The persistence of memory in code.
TUTOR: A Closure is a function that remembers the state of its lexical environment, even when executed outside of it.
Imagine a function is a person. The Closure is its photographic memory. Even if the person leaves their house (the scope where it was created), they can perfectly remember where the television or the keys were.
Create a function that remembers its lexical environment.
Generate multiple functions with independent states.
Use closures to hide variables from the global scope.
Where you write the code determines which variables are visible. The closure captures that "climate".
Create counters or configurations that cannot be altered from outside the function.
Functions that return other customized functions with persistent initial arguments.