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REFERENCEthreejs

threejs Documentation

📖 INDEX

# scene
# object3d
# clock
# raycaster
# layers
# eventdispatcher
# bufferattribute
# buffergeometry
# perspectivecamera
# orthographiccamera
# cubecamera
# arraycamera
# stereocamera
# boxgeometry
# spheregeometry
# planegeometry
# cylindergeometry
# conegeometry
# torusgeometry
# torusknotgeometry
# circlegeometry
# ringgeometry
# shapegeometry
# extrudegeometry
# lathegeometry
# tubegeometry
# polyhedrongeometry
# icosahedrongeometry
# octahedrongeometry
# tetrahedrongeometry
# edgesgeometry
# wireframegeometry
# meshbasicmaterial
# meshlambertmaterial
# meshphongmaterial
# meshstandardmaterial
# meshphysicalmaterial
# meshtoonmaterial
# meshnormalmaterial
# meshmatcapmaterial
# meshdepthmaterial
# linebasicmaterial
# linedashedmaterial
# pointsmaterial
# spritematerial
# shadermaterial
# rawshadermaterial
# shadowmaterial
# ambientlight
# directionallight
# pointlight
# spotlight
# hemispherelight
# rectarealight
# textureloader
# gltfloader
# objloader
# fbxloader
# cubetextureloader
# audioloader
# fontloader
# fileloader
# imageloader
# objectloader
# webglrenderer
# webglrendertarget
# webglcuberendertarget
# css2drenderer
# css3drenderer
# svgrenderer
# vector2
# vector3
# vector4
# matrix3
# matrix4
# quaternion
# euler
# color
# mathutils
# box2
# box3
# sphere
# ray
# plane
# line3
# frustum
# axeshelper
# gridhelper
# boxhelper
# camerahelper
# directionallighthelper
# pointlighthelper
# spotlighthelper
# hemispherelighthelper
# skeletonhelper
# polargridhelper
# arrowhelper
# planehelper
# orbitcontrols
# flycontrols
# firstpersoncontrols
# pointerlockcontrols
# transformcontrols
# trackballcontrols
# dragcontrols
# deviceorientationcontrols
# mapcontrols
# texture
# datatexture
# canvastexture
# videotexture
# cubetexture
# datatexture3d
# compressedtexture
# depthtexture
# animationmixer
# animationclip
# keyframetrack
# animationaction
# propertybinding
# animationobjectgroup
# mesh
# points
# line
# lineloop
# linesegments
# group
# sprite
# bone
# skeleton
# skinnedmesh
# lod
# instancedmesh
LOADING ENGINE...

Scene

THREE.JS REFERENCE // scene

Scenes allow you to set up what and where is to be rendered by three.js.

Syntax

const scene = new THREE.Scene();

Visual Explanation

THREE.JS RENDERING PIPELINE [Scene Graph] | +-- Mesh (Geometry + Material) | | | +-- Scene() | [WebGL Renderer] | +-- Vertex Shader -> Fragment Shader -> Screen

Performance

GPU / CPU Overhead

In 3D graphics, instancing and managing GPU memory is critical. Mismanaging Scene can lead to an excess of draw calls or memory leaks, severely dropping the frames per second (FPS).

Examples

Example 01Basic Usage
const scene = new THREE.Scene();

Real-world Use Cases

Interactive 3D Environments
import * as THREE from 'three';

const scene = new THREE.Scene();
// Using Scene in a scene setup
const instance = new Scene();
scene.add(instance);

Common Mistakes

X Re-instantiating Geometries, Materials or Scene inside the render loop.

Always instantiate objects outside the render loop and reuse them or update their properties dynamically.

// Bad
function animate() {
    const item = new Scene(); // Memory leak!
    requestAnimationFrame(animate);
}

// Good
const item = new Scene();
function animate() {
    item.rotation.y += 0.01;
    requestAnimationFrame(animate);
}

When NOT to use it

Scenario

When standard 2D Canvas or simple DOM elements suffice.

Alternative

Three.js and WebGL bring significant overhead. Don't use them for basic UI elements or static 2D images.

Differences

FunctionDifference
Raw WebGLWriting raw WebGL requires hundreds of lines of boilerplate just to draw a triangle. Scene abstracts the underlying matrix math and buffer handling into a friendly API.

Best Practices

  • Consult the official Three.js documentation for deeper understanding.
  • Be mindful of performance when creating many objects or geometries.

Interview Question

How do you optimize a scene that heavily relies on Scene?

Hint: Think about InstancedMesh, merged geometries, and reducing draw calls.

You should aim to minimize draw calls by merging geometries if they share the same material, using InstancedMesh for identical objects, and properly calling .dispose() on materials/geometries when they are no longer needed to free GPU memory.

Exercises

HardCreate a scene utilizing Scene while keeping the FPS above 60.
View Solution
const instance = new Scene();
// Proper disposal logic
window.addEventListener('unload', () => {
    instance.dispose();
});

Related Functions

THREE.SceneTHREE.WebGLRendererTHREE.PerspectiveCameraTHREE.Mesh